Spina Bifida Treatment in India
What is Spina Bifida?
Spina bifida is a neural tube defect that occurs when the spine and spinal cord fail to develop properly. This condition arises due to the incomplete closure of the neural tube, which forms the brain, spinal cord, and surrounding tissues. As a result, the backbone, which protects the spinal cord, does not close completely, often leading to damage to the spinal cord and nerves.
Treatment Options for Spina Bifida
Postnatal Spina Bifida Repair
After birth, the treatment usually involves planning a cesarean section around 37 weeks of pregnancy. Within 24 to 48 hours post-delivery, a pediatric neurosurgeon performs the surgery. During this procedure, the myelomeningocele (MMC) sac is removed, and the surrounding tissue and skin are stitched to protect the spinal cord. The baby is then cared for in a Newborn/Infant Intensive Care Unit (N/IICU).
Prenatal Spina Bifida Repair
Prenatal repair is done before birth to prevent further spinal cord damage. This method offers several advantages over postnatal repair:
- Reduces the need for ventricular shunting to drain fluid from the brain.
- Decreases the likelihood and severity of neurological complications, such as impaired leg motor and sensory functions.
- Enhances mobility and increases the chance of independent walking.
- Reverses the Arnold-Chiari II malformation’s hindbrain herniation.
Best Doctors for Spina Bifida Treatment
Patients with spina bifida require a multidisciplinary approach. Top specialists include neurologists, orthopedic surgeons, and physical therapists. Choosing a skilled team ensures comprehensive care and optimal outcomes.
Success Rate of Spina Bifida Surgery
Prenatal surgery significantly improves outcomes compared to postnatal surgery. It reduces the incidence of hindbrain herniation at 12 months (64% for prenatal vs. 96% for postnatal), increases the likelihood of independent walking by 30 months (45% for prenatal vs. 24% for postnatal), and lowers the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunts (44% for prenatal vs. 84% for postnatal).
Cost of Spina Bifida Treatment in India
Treatment costs cover preoperative diagnostic tests, surgery, postoperative care, medications, and hospitalization. The cost varies based on the type of surgery and the extent of follow-up required. The total cost generally includes preoperative diagnostic testing (e.g., blood tests), surgical expenses, postoperative care, and medication.
For those seeking spina bifida treatment in India, it is essential to consult with specialized medical professionals to determine the best course of action and understand the associated costs and potential outcomes.
