Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Lymphoma: An Overview
Lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which includes the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and other organs. This system plays a crucial role in fighting infections. Lymphoma occurs when lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, grow uncontrollably due to gene mutations. However, the exact cause of these mutations remains unknown.
Types of Lymphoma
There are over 60 types of lymphoma, but they generally fall into two categories:
- Hodgkin Lymphoma: Characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are abnormal B lymphocytes.
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: This type does not have Reed-Sternberg cells and can originate from either B or T cells, distinguished by specific genetic markers.
Symptoms of Lymphoma
Symptoms vary based on the type and location of lymphoma. They can be localized or systemic, affecting the entire body. Common symptoms include:
- Persistent fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss
- Shortness of breath
- Persistent itching
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin
- Fever and night sweats
Diagnosis and Testing
Diagnosing lymphoma involves several tests:
- Physical Examination: Doctors check for swollen lymph nodes.
- Blood Tests: These assess overall health and detect signs of cancer.
- Imaging Tests: PET scans, CT scans, and ultrasounds help visualize the extent of the disease.
- Biopsy: Doctors take a tissue sample for analysis.
- Spinal Tap: Collecting cerebrospinal fluid checks for cancer cells.
Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
An autologous stem cell transplant involves harvesting, freezing, and storing a patient’s own stem cells. Doctors reintroduce these stem cells into the patient’s body after high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy destroys the cancerous cells. Typically, this procedure is recommended if:
- Lymphoma returns after treatment.
- Lymphoma resists standard treatments.
- High-dose therapy is deemed necessary for initial treatment.
Cost of Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in India
India is a preferred destination for medical treatments, including autologous stem cell transplants, due to its advanced medical facilities and cost-effective healthcare services. The cost of an autologous stem cell transplant in India is significantly lower compared to countries like the United States or Russia. Moreover, this cost reduction does not compromise the quality of care. The cost can vary based on the hospital, the complexity of the case, and the patient’s overall health, but it generally starts around 20,000 to 30,000 USD. This cost includes pre-transplant evaluation, the transplant procedure, and post-transplant care.
Overall, India’s healthcare infrastructure, skilled medical professionals, and affordability make it an attractive option for patients worldwide seeking treatment for lymphoma.
