What is replacement of the ankle joint?
Ankle joint replacement, commonly known as ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical operation used to replace injured ankle joint components using prosthetics.
Who can benefit from surgery to replace the ankle joint?
Ankle arthritis, most frequently osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, affects the majority of individuals who have ankle joint replacement surgery. An ankle injury may also be a frequent cause. One of the greatest ways to address severe pain, stiffness, and mobility issues may be through ankle joint replacement surgery.
Procedure
Under a general or spinal anesthesia, the standard ankle joint replacement procedure is often carried out. On the front of the ankle, an incision is created, and any tendons, blood vessels, or nerves that are in the way are shifted. The surgeon then makes a second incision to access the ankle joint, after which the bone is sliced and shaped to match the new prostheses. The prostheses are made up of two parts: the ‘talar’ component, which replaces the top of the foot bone (talus), and the ‘tibial’ component, which replaces the socket (tibia). These are constructed of a combination of metal and plastic. The replacement bone and socket are examined for friction and movement after being installed. Bone is grafted between the tibia and the bone that is next to it, the fibula, to help prevent any loosening of the prostheses. The prosthetic devices are then screwed into position. The incisions are closed with sutures or staples after the surgeon is done implanting the prosthesis. The replacement joint is then secured in place during the healing process with the aid of a splint that is strapped to the ankle.
Recovery
It will take some time to recover from ankle joint surgery. For roughly six weeks, you must keep your foot elevated and refrain from putting any weight on the injured ankle. Through targeted exercises, a physiotherapist will assist you in strengthening the ankle and regaining mobility. They will also demonstrate how to utilize a walker or crutches. To help with pain relief, you can take painkillers or will be given medicine. Your physiotherapist and surgeon will go over your return to work options with you as well as when you can resume daily activities (including driving). This will depend on the nature of your job.
Risks
Infection, hemorrhage, loosening of the prostheses, harm to blood vessels and nerves, loss of skin around the ankle, dislocation, chronic pain, and a visible difference in leg length are risks associated with ankle joint replacement surgery.
